John Blankenbaker's Germanna History Notes
Note 224
Plotting land patents and grants is a frustrating work but lots of fun.
Doing so today has led to a series of thoughts to share with you.
There is nothing permanent about the names of geographical features. At one
time there was a river called the Rappahannock which flows down toward the
ocean from the eastern slopes of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Going upstream, a
little way above the modern town of Fredericksburg, the river divides into
two parts. These used to be called the North Fork and the South Fork of the
Rappahannock. When Alexander Spotswood came to Virginia, he renamed the
South Fork the Rapidan (or Rapidanna, Rapid Anne). Then the North Fork no
longer needed to be called "North" and so it became simply the Rappahannock.
Later it was decided the Rapidan was the main fork of the Rappahannock River.
Now the land between the Rappahannock and the Rapidan Rivers is called the
Great Fork of the Rappahannock or simply the Great Fork. This was a fairly
sizeable area taking in the modern counties of Culpeper, Madison, and
Rappahannock. So the history of many of our Germanna people occurs in the
Great Fork which extends to the Blue Ridge Mountains.
Fort Germanna itself, the original home of the Germanna people, is outside
the Great Fork but just across the Rapidan River. Germantown in Fauquier
County is also outside the Great Fork but not far from the lands of the
Great Fork.
Returning to the Rappahannock River, i.e., the northern fork of the original
Rappahannock River, it has undergone a few name changes. The river, that is
the northern fork of the original river, forks itself. These two branches
have a variety of names. One is called the South River, the Elk River,
Eastham River, and Hazel River. The other fork is called the North River, the
Hedgman River, or just simply the Rappahannock River. The tendency to use one
or another of these names depends on where you are along the river.
The land between the North River and the South River is called Little Fork.
The Little Fork is a part of the Great Fork. A patent description may say
the Little Fork in the Great Fork. Unfortunately, though the term Great Fork
seems never to be misapplied, the term Little Fork is also applied to splits
in other water ways.
Many of the smaller waterways duplicate names. Some names are extremely
popular such as Beaverdam Run, Muddy Run, Crooked Run. In the Great Fork, I
can cite two Beaverdam Runs in the Great Fork though there are probably
more. One flows into White Oak Run, known originally as Island Run, and the
other Beaverdam Run is in the Little Fork flowing into the North River.
My interest in the Little Fork lies in its being the home of several of our
Germanna citizens. Some of the people who owned land, either by patent,
grant, or purchase, were Jacob Holtzclaw, Frederick Fishback, Tilman Weaver,
Harmon Miller, Henry Hoffman, John Young, Harman Back, Jacob Fishback, James
Spilman, George Wayman, John Crim, Joseph Coons, and Henry Otterback.